Spotting the Signs: Understanding and Managing Diabetes in Pets

November is Pet Diabetes Awareness Month, a time to learn about a condition that affects many dogs and cats every year. Just like people, pets can develop diabetes, but with early diagnosis, careful management, and ongoing veterinary care, they can live long, happy, and active lives.

Diabetes is a chronic condition that affects how your pet’s body turns food into energy. Normally, the pancreas produces a hormone called insulin that helps move glucose (sugar) from the bloodstream into the body’s cells, where it is used for energy. When this process does not work properly, glucose builds up in the blood and can cause serious health problems.

There are two main forms of diabetes in pets:

• Type 1 diabetes (more common in dogs): the pancreas does not produce enough insulin.

• Type 2 diabetes (more common in cats): the body produces insulin but does not use it effectively, often linked to obesity and inactivity.

Older pets, certain breeds, and those with other hormonal conditions such as Cushing’s disease or pancreatitis may be at greater risk.

Recognising the early signs of diabetes is one of the best ways to protect your pet’s long-term health. Early detection allows for prompt treatment and a better quality of life.

Look out for these common symptoms:

• Increased thirst and urination. You may notice your pet drinking or urinating more than usual.

• Increased appetite even though they may lose weight.

• Weight loss despite normal or increased food intake.

• Lethargy or tiredness and a general lack of energy.

• Cloudy eyes, which can indicate cataracts in dogs.

• Poor coat condition or reduced grooming, especially in cats.

If you see one or more of these signs, book an appointment with us. Diagnosis is usually confirmed through simple blood and urine tests.

If diabetes is left untreated, it can lead to serious complications such as ketoacidosis, a life-threatening condition caused by extremely high blood sugar. Over time, uncontrolled diabetes can also cause nerve damage, vision loss, and organ problems.

When detected early, your vet can stabilise your pet’s blood sugar levels and help prevent these complications. Many pets begin to feel better and regain their energy soon after treatment starts.

Managing diabetes is a team effort between you and your veterinary clinic. The goal is to keep your pet’s blood sugar levels as stable as possible through a combination of medication, diet, and lifestyle changes.

1. Insulin Therapy

Most diabetic pets require insulin injections once or twice a day. Your vet will show you how to administer them safely at home. Many owners find that their pets tolerate the injections very well, and it quickly becomes part of a normal daily routine.

2. Nutrition and Feeding Routine

Consistency is important. Feeding your pet the same food in the same amount at the same time each day helps keep glucose levels steady.

• Dogs often benefit from a high-fibre, low-fat diet.

• Cats usually do best on a wet food that is high in protein and low in carbohydrate.

3. Exercise and Weight Management

Regular activity helps maintain a healthy weight and supports stable blood sugar levels. Dogs benefit from daily walks, while cats enjoy short interactive play sessions. Avoid sudden changes in exercise intensity, as this can affect glucose control.

4. Monitoring and Check-Ups

Ongoing monitoring is essential. Your vet may recommend a continuous blood glucose monitor, blood glucose curves or urine glucose testing to track progress. Keep an eye on your pet’s appetite, thirst, and behaviour at home, and record any changes. This information helps your vet fine-tune treatment as needed.

With proper care, pets with diabetes can live normal, happy lives. Once their blood sugar is controlled, many pets show renewed energy and personality. Patience and consistency are key. By working closely with your vet, following a regular schedule, and maintaining healthy habits, you will help your pet thrive.

If your pet has been drinking or urinating more than usual, losing weight, or seeming less active, now is the time to act. Book an appointment with our veterinary team today to arrange a diabetes screening and keep your furry friend healthy and happy.